botanical record · discovered
Onion
Allium cepa
Onion · Shallot · Ail oignon, Oignon, Échalote · Bawang · Bawang Merah · Brambang · Ceapă · Ceba · Cebola · Cebolha · Cebolla · Cebolla cabezona · Cebula · Cebula zwyczajna · Chirungu basoali · Cipolla comune · Czosnek cebula · Dongolo mena · Echalote
At a glance
Origin / distribution: China, Haiti, Mexico(Kickapoo), Salvador, ", Spain, Turkey, Egypt
Cultural traditions: not documented
Recorded uses: Abscess, Ache(Ear), Ache(Stomach), Albuminuria
Science studied: ABSCISIC-ACID, ACETIC-ACID, ALLICIN, ALLIIN
Research volume: 0 indexed records · volume only · methodology ↗
Legal status: Varies by jurisdiction; not assessed in this record.
Names and identity
Family: Liliaceae
Scientific name: Allium cepa
Common names: Onion, Shallot, Ail oignon, Oignon, Échalote, Bawang, Bawang Merah, Brambang, Ceapă, Ceba, Cebola, Cebolha, Cebolla, Cebolla cabezona, Cebula, Cebula zwyczajna, Chirungu basoali, Cipolla comune, Czosnek cebula, Dongolo mena, Echalote
History
The source record documents this plant in China, Haiti, Elsewhere, Mexico(Kickapoo), Salvador, ", Spain, Turkey and 23 additional places.
It records these historical or traditional applications:
- Abscess
- Ache(Ear)
- Ache(Stomach)
- Albuminuria
- Alopecia
- Anasarca
- Antiseptic
- Apertif
show 64 more documented entries
- Aphrodisiac
- Arteriosclerosis
- Bactericide
- Bile
- Bite(Snake)
- Bright's Disease
- Bronchitis
- Bubo
- Cancer
- Cancer(Liver)
- Carminative
- Cataract
- Catarrh
- Chest
- Cold
- Tuberculosis
- Cough
- Digestive
- Diphtheria
- Diuretic
- Dropsy
- Drowning
- Dysentery
- Ear
- Edema
- Emmenagogue
- Enema
- Expectorant
- Fever
- Flatulence
- Flu
- Fracture
- Hangover
- Hepatosis
- Inflammation
- Orchitis
- Pectoral
- Poison
- Poultice
- Preventitive
- Preventitive(Bite(Snake))
- Repellant
- Repellant(Bat)
- Repellant(Snake)
- Scarlatina
- Scurvy
- Sedative
- Soporific
- Sore(Throat)
- Stomachic
- Tumor
- Venereal
- Vermifuge
- Wart
- Wound
- Colic
- Diaphoretic
- Hydropsy
- Hyperglycemia
- Piles
- Rheumatism
- Sting(Scorpion)
- Stimulant
- Suppurative
This summary is limited to the cited source record.
Origins and distribution
- China
- Haiti
- Elsewhere
- Mexico(Kickapoo)
- Salvador
- "
- Spain
- Turkey
- Egypt
- Iraq
- Dominican Republic
- Ghana
show 19 more documented entries
- Chile
- Malaya
- France
- Mexico
- Trinidad
- Hawaii
- US
- Panama(Cuna)
- Brazil
- Peru
- Czechoslovakia
- Guatemala
- East Indies
- Venezuela
- USSR
- India
- Germany
- Kurdistan
- Cuba
Documented cultural uses
- Abscess
- Ache(Ear)
- Ache(Stomach)
- Albuminuria
- Alopecia
- Anasarca
- Antiseptic
- Apertif
- Aphrodisiac
- Arteriosclerosis
- Bactericide
- Bile
show 60 more documented entries
- Bite(Snake)
- Bright's Disease
- Bronchitis
- Bubo
- Cancer
- Cancer(Liver)
- Carminative
- Cataract
- Catarrh
- Chest
- Cold
- Tuberculosis
- Cough
- Digestive
- Diphtheria
- Diuretic
- Dropsy
- Drowning
- Dysentery
- Ear
- Edema
- Emmenagogue
- Enema
- Expectorant
- Fever
- Flatulence
- Flu
- Fracture
- Hangover
- Hepatosis
- Inflammation
- Orchitis
- Pectoral
- Poison
- Poultice
- Preventitive
- Preventitive(Bite(Snake))
- Repellant
- Repellant(Bat)
- Repellant(Snake)
- Scarlatina
- Scurvy
- Sedative
- Soporific
- Sore(Throat)
- Stomachic
- Tumor
- Venereal
- Vermifuge
- Wart
- Wound
- Colic
- Diaphoretic
- Hydropsy
- Hyperglycemia
- Piles
- Rheumatism
- Sting(Scorpion)
- Stimulant
- Suppurative
Contemporary uses
Contemporary practice is not documented separately in this record.
Scientific compounds
Chemical presence is not evidence of clinical efficacy.
- ABSCISIC-ACID
- ACETIC-ACID
- ALLICIN
- ALLIIN
- ALLIOSPIROSIDE-A
- ALLIOSPIROSIDE-C
- ALLIOSPIROSIDE-D
- ALUMINUM
- ALPHA-AMYRIN
- ARABINOSE
- ASH
- ASPARAGINE
- BORON
- BRASSICASTEROL
- 1-O-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE
- CALCIUM
show 337 more documented entries
- CALCIUM-OXALATE
- CAMPESTEROL
- BETA-CAROTENE
- CATECHOL
- CHOLEST-7-EN-3-BETA-OL
- CHOLESTEROL
- CHROMIUM
- COBALT
- COPPER
- P-COUMARIC-ACID
- CYANIDIN-3-O-BETA-D-DIGLYCOSIDE
- CYCLOALLIIN
- DIALLYL-SULFIDE
- 2,3-DIMETHYL-5,6-DITHIA-BICYCLO(2,2,1)HEXANE-5-OXIDE
- CIS-2,3-DIMETHYL-5,6-DITHIA-CYCLO(2,2,1)HEPTANE-5-OXIDE
- DIMETHYL-SULFIDE
- 2,3-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE
- 3,4-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE
- EICOSEN-1-OL
- EO
- FIBER
- FLUORINE
- FRUCTOSAN
- GIBBERELLIN-A-4
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-ARGININE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-CYSTEINE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-S-(2-CARBOXY-BETA-METHYL-ETHYL)-CYSTEINYL-GLYCINE-ETHYL-ESTER
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-ISOLEUCINE
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-S-METHYL-CYSTEINE
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-PHENYLALANINE
- HEXADECEN-1-OL
- 5-HEXYL-CYCLOPENTA-1,3-DIONE
- P-HYDROXY-BENZOIC-ACID
- IRON
- 28-ISOFUCOSTEROL
- KAEMPFEROL-3,4'-DI-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- KILOCALORIES
- LEAD
- LITHIUM
- LOPHENOL
- MANGANESE
- METHIONINE
- 2-METHYL-BUT-2-EN-1-AL
- S-METHYL-CYSTEINE
- 2-PROPENYL-L-CYSTEINE-SULFOXIDE
- METHYL-PROPENYL-TRISULFIDE
- METHYL-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- 1-(METHYLSULFINYL)-PROPYL-METHYL-DISULFIDE
- MUFA
- MYRISTIC-ACID
- NIACIN
- NITROGEN
- 31-NORCYCLOARTENOL
- OLEIC-ACID
- OXALIC-ACID
- PELARGONIDIN-MONOGLYCOSIDE
- PENTOSAN
- PHENYLALANINE
- PHYTOHORMONE
- PHYTOSTEROLS
- CIS-PROPANETHIAL-S-OXIDE
- S-PROP-1-ENYL-CYSTEINE-S-OXIDE
- PROP-CIS-ENYL-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- PROP-TRANS-ENYL-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- PROP-CIS-ENYL-PROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- PROPIONAL
- S-PROPYL-CYSTEINE-SULFOXIDE
- 1-PROPYLTRITHIO-PROPANE
- PROTEIN
- PUFA
- PYRUVIC-ACID
- QUINIC-ACID
- RIBOFLAVIN
- RUBIDIUM
- SELENIUM
- SELENO-METHYL-SELENOCYSTEINE
- SELENO-METHYL-SELENOMETHIONINE
- SERINE
- SINAPIC-ACID
- BETA-SITOSTEROL
- STEARIC-ACID
- SUCROSE
- THIAMIN
- CIS-3,5-DIETHYL-1,2,4-TRITHIOLANE
- TRANS-3,5-DIETHYL-1,2,4,-TRITHIOLANE
- 9,10,13-TRIHYDROXY-OCTADEC-11-ENOIC-ACID
- TRYPTOPHAN
- TSEPOSIDES
- TYROSINE
- VANILLIC-ACID
- VIT-B-6
- XYLITOL
- ZINC
- CYSTINE
- SFA
- STIGMASTEROL
- ALLIOFUROSIDE-A
- ARACHIDIC-ACID
- ASCORBIC-ACID
- BENZYL-ISOTHIOCYANATE
- CYSTEINE
- 2,3-DIMETHYL-(DL)-BUTANE-CIS-1-CIS-DITHIAL-S,S'-DIOXIDE
- GLUTAMINE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-S-(2-CARBOXY-BETA-METHYL-ETHYL)-CYSTEINYL-GLYCINE
- METHIONINE-SULFONE
- 2-METHYL-BUTYR-2-ALDEHYDE
- 24-METHYLENE-CYCLOARTANOL
- PHOSPHORUS
- CIS-1-(PROPENYL-DITHIO)-PROPANE
- PROP-TRANS-ENYL-PROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- TARTARIC-ACID
- ACETAL
- ALANINE
- ALLIOSPIROSIDE-B
- S-ALLYL-CYSTEINE
- ARGININE
- ASPARTIC-ACID
- BROMINE
- CARBOHYDRATES
- CEPOSIDE-D
- CHOLINE
- CITRIC-ACID
- 1-O-P-COUMAROYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE
- CYANIDIN-MONOGLYCOSIDE
- 5-DEHYDRO-AVENASTEROL
- 3,4-DIMETHYL-2,5-DIOXO-2,5-DIHYDROTHIOPHENE
- DIMETHYL-TRISULFIDE
- DIPROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- FAT
- 1-O-FERULOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE
- FUMARIC-ACID
- GLUCOSE
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-PHENYLALANINE-ETHYL-ESTER
- GRAMISTEROL
- HISTIDINE
- ISOLEUCINE
- MALIC-ACID
- D-MANNITOL
- METHYL-CIS-PROPENYL-DISULFIDE
- MEVALONIC-ACID
- MYROSINASE
- NICKEL
- NONADECANOIC-ACID
- PECTIN
- PEROXIDASE
- TRANS-S-(1-PROPENYL)-CYSTEINE-SULFOXIDE
- PYROCATECHOL
- QUERCETIN-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- RIBOSE
- SELENO-HOMOCYSTINE
- SELENOSIDE
- THREONINE
- TULIPOSIDE-A
- VALINE
- WATER
- XYLOSE
- ZIRCONIUM
- TITANIUM
- ALLYL-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- CYANIDIN-3-O-LAMINARIOBIOSIDE
- GLUTAN
- PROSTAGLANDIN-A-1
- PHLOROGLUCINOL-CARBOXYLIC-ACID
- GLYCINE
- MOLYBDENUM
- STRONTIUM
- FRUCTOSE
- SILVER
- CAFFEIC-ACID
- CYANIDIN-BIOSIDE
- CYANIDIN-DIGLYCOSIDE
- CYCLOARTENOL
- CYCLOEUCALENOL
- DIALLYL-DISULFIDE
- DIALLYL-TRISULFIDE
- DIMETHYL-DISULFIDE
- DIPHENYLAMINE
- ETHANOL
- FERULIC-ACID
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-S(2-CARBOXY-N-PROPYL)L-CYSTEINE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-S-(1-PROPENYL)-CYSTEINE-SULFOXIDE
- S-(BETA-CARBOXY-BETA-METHYL-ETHYL)-CYSTEINE
- S-METHYL-CYSTEINE-SULFOXIDE
- TRANS-2,3-DIMETHYL-5,6-DITHIA-CYCLO(2,2,1)HEPTANE-5-OXIDE
- 4-HYDROXY-BENZOIC-ACID
- ACE-AMP-1
- ADENOSINE
- ALLIIN-GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-PEPTIDE
- ALLIUM-CEPA-POLYSACCHARIDE
- ALLOSIDE-B
- CAROTENE
- CEPAENE-1
- CEPAENE-2-A
- CEPAENE-2-B
- CEPAENE-3
- CEPAENE-4-A
- CEPAENE-4-B
- CYCLOARTANOL
- DI-N-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- DIMETHYL-PENTASULFIDE
- DIMETHYLTETRASULFIDE
- DIPROPYL-DISULFIDE
- DIPROPYLTETRASULFIDE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-L-ARGININE
- P-CYMENE
- 31-NORLANOSTENOL
- 9,12,13-TRIHYDROXY-OCTADEC-10-ENOIC-ACID
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-LEUCINE
- GLUCOFRUCTAN
- GLYCOLIC-ACID
- KAEMPFEROL
- KAEMPFEROL-4',7-DI-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- KAEMPFEROL-4'-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- LINOLEIC-ACID
- METHANOL
- METHIONINE-METHYLSULFONIUM-SALT
- METHYL-DITHIO-METHANE
- METHYLPROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- N-PROPYL-MERCAPTAN
- OLEANOLIC-ACID
- PALMITIC-ACID
- PHLOROGLUCINOL
- S-(2-CARBOXY-PROPYL)-GLUTATHIONE
- SELENO-METHIONINE
- 2-METHYL-PENT-2-EN-1-AL
- ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-S-BETA-CARBOXY-BETA-METHYL-ETHYL-CYSTEINYL-GLYCINE
- GLUTAMIC-ACID
- GLUTATHIONE
- KAEMPFEROL-3-O-SOPHOROSIDE-7-O-GLUCURONIDE
- LUTEIN
- MELATONIN
- METHYL-PROPYL-TETRASULFIDE
- PROPAN-1-OL
- PROPANE-1-THIOL
- PROPIONALDEHYDE
- PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
- QUERCETIN
- QUERCETIN-4',7-DI-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- RAFFINOSE
- TRANS-1-(1-PROPENYL-DITHIO)-PROPANE
- 1-METHYLDITHIO-PROPANE
- 1-METHYLTRITHIO-PROPANE
- 1-(PROPYL-DITHIO)-PROPANE
- ISOQUERCITRIN
- ISORHAMNETIN
- PROSTAGLANDIN-A
- PROSTAGLANDIN-B
- PROSTAGLANDIN-E-1
- PROSTAGLANDIN-F
- QUERCETIN-3-O-SOPHOROSIDE-7-O-GLUCURONIDE
- SODIUM-PROPYL-THIOSULFATE
- SODIUM-PROP-CIS-1-ENYL-THIOSULFATE
- SODIUM-PROP-TRANS-1-ENYL-THIOSULFATE
- 1(F)-BETA-FRUCTOSYL-SUCROSE
- 2,4-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE
- 2,5-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE
- 6(G)-BETA-FRUCTOSYL-SUCROSE
- ALPHA-SITOSTEROL
- ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL
- BETA-TOCOPHEROL
- RHAMNOSE
- RUTIN
- SPIRAEOSIDE
- STIGMAST-7-EN-3-BETA-OL
- SUCCINIC-ACID
- THIOPROPANAL-S-OXIDE
- THIOPROPIONAL-S-OXIDE
- METHYL-METHANE-THIOSULFINATE
- METHYL-N-PROPANE-THIOSULFINATE
- N-PROPYL-METHANE-THIOSULFINATE
- N-PROPYL-N-PROPANE-THIOSULFINATE
- SATIOMEM
- SUGARS
- 4-ALPHA-METHYL-ZYMOSTENOL
- TRIGONELLINE
- TULIPOSIDE-B
- CIS-ZWEIBELANE
- GAMMA-L-GLUTAMYL-L-VALINE
- ZEAXANTHIN
- QUERCETIN-3,4'-DI-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- 5-OCTYL-CYCLOPENTA-1,3-DIONE
- ARSENIC
- BARIUM
- CADMIUM
- DIHYDROALLIIN
- LEUCINE
- LYSINE
- MAGNESIUM
- MERCURY
- METHYL-ALLIIN
- PAEONIDIN-GLYCOSIDE
- PANTOTHENIC-ACID
- POTASSIUM
- PROLINE
- QUERCETIN-4-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE
- SAPONINS
- SILICON
- SODIUM
- SULFUR
- 5-METHYL-2-N-HEXYL-2,3-DIHYDROFURAN-3-ONE
- ALLYL-METHYL-DISULFIDE
- ALLYLMETHYLSULFIDE
- ALLYL-PROPENYL-DISULFIDE
- ALLYLPROPYL-SULFIDE
- ALLYLTHIOL-SULFIDE
- ANTHOCYANINS
- CEPANONE
- CIS-METHYLSULPHINOTHIOIC-ACID-S-1-PROPENYLESTER
- CIS-N-PROPYLSULPHINOTHIOIC-ACID-S-1-PROPENYLESTER
- DIISOPROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- DIMETHYL-FURAN
- DIPROPENYL-DISULPHIDE
- DIPROPENYL-SULFIDE
- ENDOLYSIN
- ETHYLENE
- ISOPROPYL-PROPYL-DISULFIDE
- ISOPROPYL-PROPYL-TRISULFIDE
- ISORHAMNETIN-3-GLUCOSIDE
- METHANETHIOL
- METHYL-CIS-PROPENYL-TRISULFIDE
- METHYL-TRANS-PROPENYL-DISULFIDE
- METHYL-TRANS-PROPENYL-TRISULFIDE
- MURAMIDASE
- N-PROPYLSULPHINOTHIOIC-ACID-S-N-PROPYLESTER
- NEODECANOIC-ACID
- NORCEPANONE
- PROPANAL
- QUERCETIN-3,4'-DIGLUCOSIDE
- SALICYLATES
- TRANS-5-ETHYL-4,6,7-TRITHIA-2-DECENE-4-S-OXIDE
- TRANS-CIS-5-ETHYL-4,6,7-TRITHIA-2,8-DECADIENE-4-S-OXIDE
- TRANS-METHYLSULPHINOTHIOIC-ACID-S-1-PROPENYLESTER
- TRANS-N-PROPYLSULPHINOTHIOIC-ACID-S-1-PROPENYLESTER
- TRIDECAN-2-ONE
- TRANS-TRANS-5-ETHYL-4,6,7-TRITHIA-2,8-DECADIENE-4-S-OXIDE
- POLYSACCHARIDES
Legality
Country-specific legal status is not documented in this record.
Consult the CITES species checklist for international trade protections and listings. This is not a complete statement of local law.
Reference images
Sources
Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases · CC0
GBIF Backbone Taxonomy · CC BY 4.0
show claim source mapping
CC0 · Dr. Duke raw CSV archive
Contributions and revisions
No published revisions are documented for this record. Community submissions enter review and retain attribution before any published change.
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